Reaction Engineering of In Vitro Natural Product Biosynthesis: Challenges and Strategies

Natural substances are frequently used as active ingredients for pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals or they are used in food and cosmetics. In addition to chemical reactions, their synthesis also involves the use of several enzymes, which take place in liquid environments adapted for this purpose. Reconstructing an optimal environment for in vitro enzyme reactions, especially for multi-step reaction cascades, is a significant challenge for technical synthesis. The yield and conversion of the reaction are determined by intermolecular interactions, which significantly influence the performance of such complex biocatalytic systems. The published review puts the difficulties and solutions for efficient synthesis in terms of achieving high substrate conversion and product yield with in vitro enzyme cascades in the context of current research.

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